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Building codes typically change on a regular cycle, with updates occurring every three years for most national codes. However, the adoption and implementation of these changes can vary:

Reasons for Code Changes

1. Enhancing public safety: Codes are updated to mitigate risks associated with new building materials and technologies.
2. Compliance with new laws: Changes may occur to align with new regulations.
3. Lessons from past incidents: Updates often incorporate insights gained from previous fire incidents.
4. Technological advancements: As construction techniques evolve, codes must keep pace to ensure safety.
5. Sustainability and climate adaptation: There’s an increasing focus on incorporating environmental considerations into building codes.

Impact on Businesses

1. Compliance requirements: Businesses must stay informed about code changes and update their facilities accordingly. 
2. Financial implications: Failure to comply can result in fines, legal issues, and increased insurance costs.
3. Safety improvements: Adhering to updated codes enhances the safety of employees and customers.
4. Operational changes: New codes may require modifications to building systems, emergency plans, and staff training.
5. Potential cost savings: In some cases, code changes may allow for more cost-effective construction or modifications.
6. Competitive advantage: Compliance with the latest codes can improve a business’s reputation and credibility.

It’s important to note that even when new codes are published, there is often a grace period for implementation, allowing businesses and builders time to adapt to the changes. In most cases, existing businesses will not need to comply with the latest codes unless the facility has changed operations that introduce additional hazards, the space is used for something other than the previous space (e.g. office building turns into a storage building),  or ownership changes.

Every state and jurisdiction adopts different codes and editions of codes (e.g. TN adopts 2018 edition of the ICC codes and AL adopts the 2021 edition). Cities and Counties may even adopt more stringent requirements than at the state level.. It is important to know which codes your jurisdiction adopts. 

When do Codes Change

Building codes typically change on a regular cycle, with updates occurring every three years for most national codes. However, the adoption and implementation of these changes can vary:

1. National codes: The International Code Council (ICC) updates the International Building Code (IBC) on a three-year cycle1. Similarly, the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) follows a three-year update schedule for its codes.
2. Local adoption: While national codes are updated triennially, local jurisdictions may adopt these updates at different times Some localities might implement changes more frequently, while others may take longer to adopt new versions. 
3. State-specific codes: Some states develop their own building codes, which may follow different update schedules 
4. Ongoing amendments: Between major updates, amendments to existing codes may be published to address specific issues or incorporate new safety research and technology.
5. Special circumstances: In some cases, significant events or new technologies may prompt more rapid code changes. For example, recent years have seen increased focus on energy efficiency and climate resilience in building codes. 

A  Fire Protection Engineer plays a crucial role in safeguarding people and property from fire hazards. They are responsible for knowing which codes are legally enforceable, staying up-to-date on the latest technology, and applying feasible methods to prevent fires or minimize the damage to life and property from fire.

Fire Protection Engineers apply scientific and engineering principles to protect people and the environment from fires. In some cases, Fire Protection Engineers may be able to implement a performance-based design that doesn’t comply with the adopted codes, but does meet the intent of the code in order to save costs and minimize business interruption.

It is important for businesses to seek help from a Fire Protection Engineer to ensure that businesses are providing adequate fire protection through implementing strategies that are feasible and minimize costs.